「人若偷牛或羊,无论宰了卖了,他就要以五牛代一牛、四羊代一羊。
⚑ 「偷」(גָּנַב)就是十诫第八条(见 20:15 的注)。 ⚑ 牛赔五、羊赔四 —— 牛是耕地的活计,羊不是。律法照损失定赔数。
H3588כִּיkîy因为Strong 1890(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexedBDB 1906thatTWOT 976H1589גָּנַבgânab偷Strong 1890to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceiveBDB 1906stealTWOT 364H376אִישׁʼîysh男人Strong 1890a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)BDB 1906manTWOT 83aH7794שׁוֹרshôwr牛Strong 1890a bullock (as a traveller)BDB 1906a head of cattleTWOT 2355aH176אוֹʼôw或Strong 1890desire (and so probably in Proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also ifBDB 1906desireTWOT 40aH7716שֶׂהseh羊Strong 1890a member of a flock, i.e. a sheep or goatBDB 1906one of a flockTWOT 2237
关联经文 · 同词根在旧约别处關聯經文 · 同詞根在舊約別處Cross-references · the same root elsewhere in the OTReferencias · la misma raíz en otros lugares del AT3 个词根
他若把偷来的牛羊宰了或卖了,就是在罪里坚持不改,要「五牛赔一牛,四羊赔一羊」——牛赔得比羊多,因为主人除了其他收益,还失去了牛每天的劳力。「这条律法教导我们:欺诈不义不但不能使人富足,反倒使人贫穷;我们若不义地得了、占着别人的东西,它不但自己耗尽,还要吞掉我们自己的东西。」
⚑ 本节在希伯来文是 21:37。 ⚑ 「四羊赔一羊」:后来拿单对大卫讲穷人小母羊羔的比喻,大卫发怒说「他必偿还羊羔四倍」(撒下 12:6,אַרְבַּעְתָּיִם)——大卫判的正是这条律法,判的也正是他自己。 🚩 路加福音 19:8 撒该说「我若讹诈了谁,就还他四倍」,与这条相合;是否有意引用,是读法。