书卷地图書卷地圖Book mapMapa de libros · 约翰一书 · 审阅稿審閱稿In reviewEn revisión

约翰一书 第 1 章

10 节 · 204 词元

本章尚无中文译文与注疏 —— 页上所见皆为确定性查表所得(KJV 1769、 YLT、和合本、希腊原文逐词、Strong 1890、关联经文), 不含判断因而不会解错。

阅读模式閱讀模式ModeModo
分层分層LayersCapas
版本版本VersionsVersiones
希伯来希伯來HebrewHebreo
词根检索詞根檢索Search rootsBuscar raíces
跳到节跳到節Go to verseIr al versículo12345678910
跳转跳轉GoIr第一章第二章第三章第四章第五章目录目錄ContentsÍndice点任一词 · 看它在全书哪里还出现
ὋhósG3739ἦνeimíG1510ἀπ᾽apóG575ἀρχῆςarchḗG746ὃhósG3739ἀκηκόαμενakoúōG191ὃhósG3739ἑωράκαμενhoráōG3708τοῖςhoG3588ὀφθαλμοῖςophthalmósG3788ἡμῶνméG3165ὃhósG3739ἐθεασάμεθαtheáomaiG2300καὶkaíG2532αἱhoG3588χεῖρεςcheírG5495ἡμῶνméG3165ἐψηλάφησανpsēlapháōG5584περὶperíG4012τοῦhoG3588λόγουlógosG3056τῆςhoG3588ζωῆς·zōḗG2222
KJV 1769
That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled, of the Word of life;
WEB 现代
That which was from the beginning, that which we have heard, that which we have seen with our eyes, that which we saw, and our hands touched, concerning the Word of life
YLT 直译
That which was from the beginning, that which we have heard, that which we have seen with our eyes, that which we did behold, and our hands did handle, concerning the Word of the Life--
和合本
论到从起初原有的生命之道,就是我们所听见、所看见、亲眼看过、亲手摸过的。(
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G3739ὅςhós那(关系代词)
    Strong 1890the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • G1510εἰμίeimí是
    Strong 1890I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • G575ἀπόapó离开/从
    Strong 1890"off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
  • G746ἀρχήarchḗ起初
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china开端、起初;也作「执政的、掌权者」。
    Strong 1890(properly abstract) a commencement, or (concretely) chief (in various applications of order, time, place, or rank)
  • G191ἀκούωakoúō听见
    Strong 1890to hear (in various senses)
  • G3708ὁράωhoráō看见
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china看见、注意到;被动作「显现」,也指经历、领会。
    Strong 1890by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
καὶkaíG2532ἡhoG3588ζωὴzōḗG2222ἐφανερώθηphaneróōG5319καὶkaíG2532ἑωράκαμενhoráōG3708καὶkaíG2532μαρτυροῦμενmartyréōG3140καὶkaíG2532ἀπαγγέλλομενapangéllōG518ὑμῖνsýG4771τὴνhoG3588ζωὴνzōḗG2222τὴνhoG3588αἰώνιονaiṓniosG166ἥτιςhóstisG3748ἦνeimíG1510πρὸςprósG4314τὸνhoG3588πατέραpatḗrG3962καὶkaíG2532ἐφανερώθηphaneróōG5319ἡμῖν·méG3165
KJV 1769
(For the life was manifested, and we have seen it, and bear witness, and shew unto you that eternal life, which was with the Father, and was manifested unto us;)
WEB 现代
(and the life was revealed, and we have seen, and testify, and declare to you the life, the eternal life, which was with the Father, and was revealed to us);
YLT 直译
and the Life was manifested, and we have seen, and do testify, and declare to you the Life, the age-during, which was with the Father, and was manifested to us--
和合本
这生命已经显现出来,我们也看见过,现在又作见证,将原与父同在、且显现与我们那永远的生命传给你们。)
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G2532καίkaí并
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china和、也、甚至。
    本书取舍本書取捨This edition's choiceDecisión de esta edición⚑ 新约里最常见的连词之一。四福音全卷占比(按词元算):马太 6.7% · 马可 9.9% · 路加 7.9% · 约翰 5.6% —— 马可用它最密,他把句子一节一节串下去,不用从属结构,读起来像口述不像文章。(这几个数字由 interlinear 逐词表算出,不是抄来的。)
    Strong 1890and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • G3588ὁho(冠词)
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china希腊文定冠词。中文无冠词,逐词层作「(冠词)」以见其位;它在希腊文里能把形容词、分词、整个短语变成名词。
    Strong 1890the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • G2222ζωήzōḗ生命
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china生命(zōē);新约多指神所赐的那种生命,与「性命」(psychē) 侧重不同。
    Strong 1890life (literally or figuratively)
  • G5319φανερόωphaneróō显明
    Strong 1890to render apparent (literally or figuratively)
  • G3708ὁράωhoráō看见
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china看见、注意到;被动作「显现」,也指经历、领会。
    Strong 1890by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
  • G3140μαρτυρέωmartyréō作见证
    Strong 1890to be a witness, i.e. testify (literally or figuratively)
ὃhósG3739ἑωράκαμενhoráōG3708καὶkaíG2532ἀκηκόαμενakoúōG191ἀπαγγέλλομενapangéllōG518ὑμῖνsýG4771ἵναhínaG2443καὶkaíG2532ὑμεῖςsýG4771κοινωνίανkoinōníaG2842ἔχητεéchōG2192μεθ᾽metáG3326ἡμῶν·méG3165καὶkaíG2532ἡhoG3588κοινωνίαkoinōníaG2842δὲdéG1161ἡhoG3588ἡμετέραegṓG1473μετὰmetáG3326τοῦhoG3588πατρὸςpatḗrG3962καὶkaíG2532μετὰmetáG3326τοῦhoG3588υἱοῦhuiósG5207αὐτοῦautósG846ἸησοῦIēsoûsG2424ΧριστοῦChristósG5547
KJV 1769
That which we have seen and heard declare we unto you, that ye also may have fellowship with us: and truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ.
WEB 现代
that which we have seen and heard we declare to you, that you also may have fellowship with us. Yes, and our fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son, Jesus Christ.
YLT 直译
that which we have seen and heard declare we to you, that ye also may have fellowship with us, and our fellowship is with the Father, and with His Son Jesus Christ;
和合本
我们将所看见、所听见的传给你们,使你们与我们相交。我们乃是与父并他儿子耶稣基督相交的。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G3739ὅςhós那(关系代词)
    Strong 1890the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • G3708ὁράωhoráō看见
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china看见、注意到;被动作「显现」,也指经历、领会。
    Strong 1890by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
  • G2532καίkaí并
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china和、也、甚至。
    本书取舍本書取捨This edition's choiceDecisión de esta edición⚑ 新约里最常见的连词之一。四福音全卷占比(按词元算):马太 6.7% · 马可 9.9% · 路加 7.9% · 约翰 5.6% —— 马可用它最密,他把句子一节一节串下去,不用从属结构,读起来像口述不像文章。(这几个数字由 interlinear 逐词表算出,不是抄来的。)
    Strong 1890and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • G191ἀκούωakoúō听见
    Strong 1890to hear (in various senses)
  • G518ἀπαγγέλλωapangéllō报告
    Strong 1890to announce
  • G4771σύsý你
    Strong 1890thou
καὶkaíG2532ταῦταhoûtosG3778γράφομενgráphōG1125ἵναhínaG2443ἡhoG3588χαρὰcharáG5479ἡμῶνméG3165ᾖeimíG1510πεπληρωμένηplēróōG4137
KJV 1769
And these things write we unto you, that your joy may be full.
WEB 现代
And we write these things to you, that our joy may be fulfilled.
YLT 直译
and these things we write to you, that your joy may be full.
和合本
我们将这些话写给你们,使你们(有古卷:我们)的喜乐充足。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G2532καίkaí并
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china和、也、甚至。
    本书取舍本書取捨This edition's choiceDecisión de esta edición⚑ 新约里最常见的连词之一。四福音全卷占比(按词元算):马太 6.7% · 马可 9.9% · 路加 7.9% · 约翰 5.6% —— 马可用它最密,他把句子一节一节串下去,不用从属结构,读起来像口述不像文章。(这几个数字由 interlinear 逐词表算出,不是抄来的。)
    Strong 1890and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • G3778οὗτοςhoûtos这
    Strong 1890the he (she or it), i.e. this or that (often with article repeated)
  • G1125γράφωgráphō写
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china写、记下;完成被动式即「经上记着说」。
    Strong 1890to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
  • G2443ἵναhína叫/为要
    Strong 1890compare G3588 (ὁ)); in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
  • G3588ὁho(冠词)
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china希腊文定冠词。中文无冠词,逐词层作「(冠词)」以见其位;它在希腊文里能把形容词、分词、整个短语变成名词。
    Strong 1890the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • G5479χαράchará喜乐
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china喜乐;与「恩典」(charis) 同一词根。
    Strong 1890cheerfulness, i.e. calm delight
καὶkaíG2532ἔστινeimíG1510ἡhoG3588ἣνhósG3739ἀκηκόαμενakoúōG191ἀπ᾽apóG575αὐτοῦautósG846καὶkaíG2532ἀναγγέλλομενanangéllōG312ὑμῖνsýG4771ὅτιhótiG3754ὁhoG3588θεὸςtheósG2316φῶςphōsG5457ἐστινeimíG1510καὶkaíG2532σκοτίαskotíaG4653ἐνenG1722αὐτῷautósG846οὐκouG3756ἔστινeimíG1510οὐδεμίαoudeísG3762
KJV 1769
This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.
WEB 现代
This is the message which we have heard from him and announce to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.
YLT 直译
And this is the message that we have heard from Him, and announce to you, that God is light, and darkness in Him is not at all;
和合本
神就是光,在他毫无黑暗。这是我们从主所听见、又报给你们的信息。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G2532καίkaí并
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china和、也、甚至。
    本书取舍本書取捨This edition's choiceDecisión de esta edición⚑ 新约里最常见的连词之一。四福音全卷占比(按词元算):马太 6.7% · 马可 9.9% · 路加 7.9% · 约翰 5.6% —— 马可用它最密,他把句子一节一节串下去,不用从属结构,读起来像口述不像文章。(这几个数字由 interlinear 逐词表算出,不是抄来的。)
    Strong 1890and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • G1510εἰμίeimí是
    Strong 1890I exist (used only when emphatic)
  • G3588ὁho(冠词)
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china希腊文定冠词。中文无冠词,逐词层作「(冠词)」以见其位;它在希腊文里能把形容词、分词、整个短语变成名词。
    Strong 1890the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • G3739ὅςhós那(关系代词)
    Strong 1890the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • G191ἀκούωakoúō听见
    Strong 1890to hear (in various senses)
  • G575ἀπόapó离开/从
    Strong 1890"off," i.e. away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
ἐὰνeánG1437εἴπωμενépōG2036ὅτιhótiG3754κοινωνίανkoinōníaG2842ἔχομενéchōG2192μετ᾽metáG3326αὐτοῦautósG846καὶkaíG2532ἐνenG1722τῷhoG3588σκότειskótosG4655περιπατῶμενperipatéōG4043ψευδόμεθαpseúdomaiG5574καὶkaíG2532οὐouG3756ποιοῦμενpoiéōG4160τὴνhoG3588ἀλήθειαν·alḗtheiaG225
KJV 1769
If we say that we have fellowship with him, and walk in darkness, we lie, and do not the truth:
WEB 现代
If we say that we have fellowship with him and walk in the darkness, we lie, and don’t tell the truth.
YLT 直译
if we may say--`we have fellowship with Him,' and in the darkness may walk--we lie, and do not the truth;
和合本
我们若说是与 神相交,却仍在黑暗里行,就是说谎话,不行真理了。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G1437ἐάνeán若
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china条件小品词:若、倘若;与关系词连用时表不定,作「凡…的」。
    Strong 1890a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
  • G2036ἔπωépō说(不定过去)
    Strong 1890to speak or say (by word or writing)
  • G3754ὅτιhóti因为/说
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china引出原因,或引出直接引语(此时不译)。
    Strong 1890demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • G2842κοινωνίαkoinōnía交通
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china相交、有分(koinōnia);本义是「共同有分」,非「谈话」。
    Strong 1890partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction
  • G2192ἔχωéchō有
    Strong 1890to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
  • G3326μετάmetá同/随后
    Strong 1890properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession) with which it is joined; occupying an intermediate position between G575 (ἀπό) or G1537 (ἐκ) and G1519 (εἰς) or G4314 (πρός); less intimate than G1722 (ἐν) and less close than G4862 (σύν))
ἐὰνeánG1437δὲdéG1161ἐνenG1722τῷhoG3588φωτὶphōsG5457περιπατῶμενperipatéōG4043ὡςhōsG5613αὐτόςautósG846ἐστινeimíG1510ἐνenG1722τῷhoG3588φωτίphōsG5457κοινωνίανkoinōníaG2842ἔχομενéchōG2192μετ᾽metáG3326ἀλλήλωνallḗlōnG240καὶkaíG2532τὸhoG3588αἷμαhaîmaG129ἸησοῦIēsoûsG2424ΧριστοῦChristósG5547τοῦhoG3588υἱοῦhuiósG5207αὐτοῦautósG846καθαρίζειkatharízōG2511ἡμᾶςméG3165ἀπὸapóG575πάσηςpâsG3956ἁμαρτίαςhamartíaG266
KJV 1769
But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin.
WEB 现代
But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ, his Son, cleanses us from all sin.
YLT 直译
and if in the light we may walk, as He is in the light--we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son doth cleanse us from every sin;
和合本
我们若在光明中行,如同 神在光明中,就彼此相交,他儿子耶稣的血也洗净我们一切的罪。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G1437ἐάνeán若
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china条件小品词:若、倘若;与关系词连用时表不定,作「凡…的」。
    Strong 1890a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
  • G1161δέdé却/而
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china轻转折。比 ἀλλά(G235) 弱得多,常只表接续。
    Strong 1890but, and, etc.
  • G1722ἐνen在…里
    Strong 1890"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
  • G3588ὁho(冠词)
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china希腊文定冠词。中文无冠词,逐词层作「(冠词)」以见其位;它在希腊文里能把形容词、分词、整个短语变成名词。
    Strong 1890the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • G5457φῶςphōs光
    Strong 1890compare G5316 (φαίνω), G5346 (φημί)); luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative)
  • G4043περιπατέωperipatéō行走
    Strong 1890to tread all around, i.e. walk at large (especially as proof of ability); figuratively, to live, deport oneself, follow (as a companion or votary)
ἐὰνeánG1437εἴπωμενépōG2036ὅτιhótiG3754ἁμαρτίανhamartíaG266οὐκouG3756ἔχομενéchōG2192ἑαυτοὺςheautoûG1438πλανῶμενplanáōG4105καὶkaíG2532ἡhoG3588ἀλήθειαalḗtheiaG225οὐκouG3756ἔστινeimíG1510ἐνenG1722ἡμῖνméG3165
KJV 1769
If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.
WEB 现代
If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.
YLT 直译
if we may say--`we have not sin,' ourselves we lead astray, and the truth is not in us;
和合本
我们若说自己无罪,便是自欺,真理不在我们心里了。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G1437ἐάνeán若
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china条件小品词:若、倘若;与关系词连用时表不定,作「凡…的」。
    Strong 1890a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
  • G2036ἔπωépō说(不定过去)
    Strong 1890to speak or say (by word or writing)
  • G3754ὅτιhóti因为/说
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china引出原因,或引出直接引语(此时不译)。
    Strong 1890demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • G266ἁμαρτίαhamartía罪
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china罪;本义是「射不中靶」。作名词时保罗常将它拟人化,作一种辖制的势力。
    Strong 1890a sin (properly abstract)
  • G3756οὐou不
    Strong 1890the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not
  • G2192ἔχωéchō有
    Strong 1890to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
ἐὰνeánG1437ὁμολογῶμενhomologéōG3670τὰςhoG3588ἁμαρτίαςhamartíaG266ἡμῶνméG3165πιστόςpistósG4103ἐστινeimíG1510καὶkaíG2532δίκαιοςdíkaiosG1342ἵναhínaG2443ἀφῆaphíēmiG863ἡμῖνméG3165τὰςhoG3588ἁμαρτίαςhamartíaG266καὶkaíG2532καθαρίσῃkatharízōG2511ἡμᾶςméG3165ἀπὸapóG575πάσηςpâsG3956ἀδικίαςadikíaG93
KJV 1769
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
WEB 现代
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous to forgive us the sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
YLT 直译
if we may confess our sins, stedfast He is and righteous that He may forgive us the sins, and may cleanse us from every unrighteousness;
和合本
我们若认自己的罪, 神是信实的,是公义的,必要赦免我们的罪,洗净我们一切的不义。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G1437ἐάνeán若
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china条件小品词:若、倘若;与关系词连用时表不定,作「凡…的」。
    Strong 1890a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
  • G3670ὁμολογέωhomologéō承认
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china同声承认、公开认信;也作「应许」。
    Strong 1890to assent, i.e. covenant, acknowledge
  • G3588ὁho(冠词)
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china希腊文定冠词。中文无冠词,逐词层作「(冠词)」以见其位;它在希腊文里能把形容词、分词、整个短语变成名词。
    Strong 1890the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • G266ἁμαρτίαhamartía罪
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china罪;本义是「射不中靶」。作名词时保罗常将它拟人化,作一种辖制的势力。
    Strong 1890a sin (properly abstract)
  • G3165μέmé我(宾格)
    Strong 1890me
  • G4103πιστόςpistós忠心
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china可信的、忠心的;也作「信的(有信心的)」。
    Strong 1890objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful
ἐὰνeánG1437εἴπωμενépōG2036ὅτιhótiG3754οὐχouG3756ἡμαρτήκαμενhamartánōG264ψεύστηνpseústēsG5583ποιοῦμενpoiéōG4160αὐτὸνautósG846καὶkaíG2532ὁhoG3588λόγοςlógosG3056αὐτοῦautósG846οὐκouG3756ἔστινeimíG1510ἐνenG1722ἡμῖνméG3165
KJV 1769
If we say that we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.
WEB 现代
If we say that we haven’t sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.
YLT 直译
if we may say--`we have not sinned,' a liar we make Him, and His word is not in us.
和合本
我们若说自己没有犯过罪,便是以 神为说谎的,他的道也不在我们心里了。
原文注 · Strong’s 查表原文註 · Strong’s 查表Original text · Strong's lookupTexto original · consulta Strong
  • G1437ἐάνeán若
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china条件小品词:若、倘若;与关系词连用时表不定,作「凡…的」。
    Strong 1890a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
  • G2036ἔπωépō说(不定过去)
    Strong 1890to speak or say (by word or writing)
  • G3754ὅτιhóti因为/说
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china引出原因,或引出直接引语(此时不译)。
    Strong 1890demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
  • G3756οὐou不
    Strong 1890the absolute negative (compare G3361 (μή)) adverb; no or not
  • G264ἁμαρτάνωhamartánō犯罪
    中文语义中文語義Chinese glossGlosa china射不中靶,即犯罪、得罪(人或神)。
    Strong 1890properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e. (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin
  • G5583ψεύστηςpseústēs说谎的
    Strong 1890a falsifier